What kind of environmental problems are there? ｜Environmental damage, 10 cases and causes

Environmental problems include various phenomena such as air pollution, ocean pollution, and global warming.られます。 『We often hear the phrase "eco-friendly" or "environmentally friendly", but it's hard to say that you really care about the environment unless you understand what kind of problems are occurring on the earth today.いですよね。 This time, I will explain the actual damage and the cause of 10 environmental problems occurring on the earth.ます。

environmental problems on earth題

Let's review the definition of environmental problems and the causes that trigger them.ょう。

Environmental issues and their definitions義

Wikipedia defines environmental issues as:す。

Environmental problems Environmental problems is a general term for problems caused by changes in the surrounding environment resulting from human activities, and this is a problem that extends beyond the earth to outer space.問題である。

I feel that the above definition is broad, but in realityは『Effects of global warming on ecosystems and air pollution on humans響』including humans such asむ”health hazard to life” It is more common to refer to things that contain。

Major causes of environmental problems

It is difficult to introduce all of them, but I have summarized the human behavior that causes environmental problems in bullet points.ました。

• Excessive emission of factory smoke car exhaust出
• Deforestation for industrial clearing purposes採
• Chemical spills into water sources出
• burning fossil fuels

The above are only a few examples, but human beings' actions aimed at enriching their lives have accelerated water pollution and the generation of greenhouse gases, causing pollution problems that exceed the purification capacity of nature. is in a state like状態です。

10 examples of actual environmental damage例

Before thinking about what each individual can do for the earth, I think it is important to first know what is happening to our earth.います。 Let's start with the main topic, but I've listed 10 examples of environmental problems that are actually happening, so let's look at each problem and its cause together.ょう。

Global warming

Global warming has been a problem for many years since the 1970s。 Intuitively, we think of it as just a little worse than the extreme heat, but it is said that it actually causes the following serious problems.れています。 Major cause Carbon dioxide emissions Fossil fuel use用）

 

Occurrence of floods and droughts

from the normal balance of less and more frequent rain as the temperature of the earth risesンスから、”It will be an unbalanced state with a huge amount of rain falling infrequentlyます。 As a result, floods and droughts occur in various places, not only endangering humankind, but also creating a vicious cycle of secondary and tertiary disasters such as destruction of ecosystems, forest damage, and landslides.いきます。

 

sea level rise

The rise in sea level caused by global warming can be attributed to two factors.。The first is an increase in the volume of seawater due to rising water temperature.ためです。 The damage caused by sea level rise is、Reducing the land area of human habitation and threatening the ecosystem are being viewed as problems.います。

 

Increase in typhoons

It is pointed out that the impact of rising seawater temperature due to global warming is not limited to the above, but that the frequency of disasters such as hurricanes and typhoons will increase.います。 What causes typhoons 『Formation of tropical cyclones over warm oceans』 Therefore, it is understandable that typhoons will increase as seawater temperature rises.す。 In Japan, which is also called a disaster-prone country,、The serious damage caused by Typhoon No. 17 in 2019 made us realize the threat again.た。

 

UV increase

I will omit it a little, but the excessive emission of carbon dioxide, which is the cause of global warming, is closely connected to the destruction of the ozone layer.ています。 A hole in the ozone layerThe ozone hole pours in a lot of ultraviolet rays from the sun, resulting in an increase in the amount of ultraviolet rays to the earth.ります。 Excessive exposure to UV rays can cause skin diseases such as sunburn spots.すが、It is also pointed out that it may affect serious health hazards such as malignant tumor cataracts.す。

Environmental pollution by harmful substances染

Next, the environmental problems caused by hazardous substances are summarized as follows.た。 Hazardous substances here are compounds that may pose a threat to life, such as chlorine-cadmium hydrogen fluoride for air and mercury-cadmium for water quality.挙げられます。 Major cause Improper Disposal of Hazardous Substances

 

Air pollution

Air pollution is mainly caused by hazardous substances emitted during production activities in factories and during vehicle driving.す。 In the 1960s and 1980s, the post-war industrial revolution was known to cause health hazards such as pneumonia and asthma caused by massive air pollution caused by large amounts of sulfur dioxide (SO2) emitted from factories.で知られています。Japan has become better than before, but、Recently, air pollution caused by PM2.5 in China is becoming more serious.ます。

 

acid rain desertification化

Acid rain occurs as a secondary disaster of air pollution, and the intensification of desertification due to acid rain is cited as a tertiary disaster.す。 It is so named because as the concentration of sulfur dioxide in the atmosphere increases, so does the acidity of rain and snow.ます。It goes without saying that it worsens the pollution of river soil and damages the ecosystem and human beings, but the melting of concreteの融解・to oxidize the metal、It also damages important historical buildings and cultural properties.。

 

Soil contamination

Soil pollution is caused by harmful substances such as heavy metals, organic chemicals, pesticides and oils.質が、It refers to a phenomenon contained in the soil to the extent that it affects the natural environment.。 The main cause is reclamation of leaked waste from factories and drainage facilities, and it is regarded as a problem because of the cost of purification.ます。 As for the actual damage, of course there is health damage such as various organ disorders such as liver, kidney, and lungs, and skin and eye diseases.勿論ですが、Decline in land asset value Impact on land utilization and other social damage害も。

 

marine pollution

Marine pollution can be broadly divided into two types: water pollution caused by wastewater oil, etc., and direct pollution caused by plastic garbage.るのは後者。 Garbage such as plastic bottles and plastic bags do not decompose naturally in the sea, so they continue to drift in the sea for hundreds of years, causing devastating damage to the marine ecosystem.います。Please read the article below for more details.い。

Environmental pollution by radioactive substances

Triggered by the Great East Japan Earthquake in 2011, environmental pollution caused by radioactive substances has become a growing concern even in Japan.染。The use of nuclear power plants and the disposal of fuel are also seen as problems, but here we will explain the pollution that is released and caused when an accident occurs.ます。 Among various environmental pollution、Direct health hazard to human body and highest urgency、Due to the danger of secondary and tertiary disastersめ、Absolute damage to society as a whole。In addition, it is extremely difficult to recover and clean up environmental pollution caused by radioactive substances, and Japan, a country prone to disasters, still has a lot of problems to solve.山積み。 At the National Institute for Environmental Studies, we are working hard every day to establish a system for safely treating contaminated waste soil.います。

summary

This time, I tried to summarize what kind of damage is actually being done with the theme of environmental pollution.When it comes to environmental pollution of this scale, it is important to have regulations at the national level and awareness of society as a whole. It can be said that it is important to think about what can be done toでしょう。

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